When machining parts, CNC lathes are the most indispensable process when cutting the workpiece, and the grooving on the workpiece is also the most common. The power of cutting and grooving is inseparable from the rigidity of the machine tool. The rigidity of the spindle of the CNC lathe and the rigidity of the turret are the key reasons that affect the vibration of the workpiece. The cutting methods in cutting and grooving are also the most critical.
Next, let’s split the cutting method into how to improve the power of cutting and grooving workpieces.
1.CNC lathe grooving
1) Common method of car groove. The common methods of turning grooves on the appearance of the workpiece are the outer groove, the inner groove and the end groove.
2) The choice of turning tool. High-speed steel turning tool turning is usually used.
3) The method of the car slot. For rectangular grooves with low turning precision and narrow width, you can use a turning tool with a tool width equal to that of the groove, and use the straight forward method to turn out at one time.
Rectangular grooves that require high turning precision are usually turned into two parts. Turning a wider groove can be cut by multiple straight forwards, leaving a certain amount of finishing allowance on both sides of the groove, and then finishing to the standard according to the groove depth and groove width. Turning smaller arc-shaped grooves is usually turned with a forming turning tool; turning larger arc-shaped grooves can be turned with both hands, and use a template to check and repair. Turning smaller trapezoidal grooves is usually completed with a forming turning tool; turning larger trapezoidal grooves is usually done by turning straight grooves first, and then using the trapezoidal cutter straight approach or controlled cutting method.
4) Inspection and measurement of rectangular grooves. For grooves with low accuracy requirements, steel rulers and calipers are usually used for measurement. Grooves with high precision requirements can be checked and measured with micrometers, templates, plug gauges and vernier calipers.
2. Cutting off by CNC lathe. A cutting knife is used for cutting. The shape of the cutting knife is similar to that of a grooving knife, but because the head is narrow and dagger, it is easy to break. The cutting knives include high-speed steel cutting knives, cemented carbide cutting knives, elastic cutting knives, reverse cutting knives and other categories.
There are several cutting methods for CNC lathes:
1) Straight forward method. The cutting knife is perpendicular to the workpiece axis to cut off at the target feed. This method has high power, but it has higher requirements for the sharpening and clamping of lathes and cutting knives, otherwise it is easy to break the cutter head.
2) Control the borrowing knife method. When the rigidity of the tool, workpiece, and lathe is insufficient, the borrowing method can be used to cut the workpiece. This method means that the cutting knife repeatedly moves back and forth on the axis target, followed by radial feed on both sides, until the workpiece is cut off.
3) Reverse cutting method. The reverse cutting method means that the workpiece is reversed and the turning tool is reversed. This cutting method is practical for cutting larger diameter workpieces. Its advantages are: due to the cutting force acting on the workpiece and the same as the gravity target of the spindle (downward), the spindle does not simply jump up and down, the comparison is stable when cutting the workpiece, and the chips are removed downwards and will not be jammed in the cutting groove. Smooth chip evacuation.
Post time: Sep-30-2020